People with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) and Hemolytic anemia is known to have an increased risk factor towards pigment gallstones.

Diet with low-fiber, high-cholesterol and high in starchy foods are known to contribute to gallstone formation.

Other factors that causes gallstones include

• Cirrhosis of the liver

• Diabetes mellitus

• Elevated level of cholesterol or bilirubin in bile

• Frequent fasting

• Lack of physical activity

• Obesity

• Pregnancy

• Rapid weight loss

• Sickle cell disease

• Use of estrogen preparations