Infertility is the biological inability of a person to contribute conception (fertilisation), which is a couple that has never been able to achieve a pregnancy after12 months of unprotected sex. About 30-40% of infertility problems are due to male. The man's role in conception is the production and ejaculation of sperm cells. For the fertilisation an egg, man must be capable of producing adequate number of motile sperms. Only a few of these sperm cells will reach the egg, and only one will actually enter and fertilize it. Production of sperm is under the control of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH).

Fertility depends upon several factors in both the male and female partner. In all cases of infertility, about 20 percent can be male factors, 38 percent can be female factors, 27 percent can be factors in both partners, and 15 percent are not traceable.

Types:

Primary infertility describes a couple that has never been able to achieve a pregnancy after atleast 1 year of unprotected sex.

Secondary infertility describes couples who have been pregnant at least once, but have not been able to achieve a pregnancy again.